Legal Protections and Discrimination Against LGBTQ+ Individuals in Thailand

Abstract

This research investigates LGBTQ+ rights and societal attitudes in Thailand, a nation celebrated for its cultural acceptance of diverse sexual orientations and gender identities. Through interviews and focus groups, participants highlighted a disconnect between cultural visibility, particularly in media, and the lack of comprehensive legal protections. Key gaps include the absence of gender recognition laws, same-sex marriage rights, and anti-discrimination measures in healthcare, education, and employment. While societal tolerance has progressed, structural inequities and biases persist, especially in rural areas and among conservative communities.

     The findings reveal that cultural acceptance alone does not ensure equality, as many LGBTQ+ individuals face marginalization, workplace discrimination, and healthcare bias. Opinions varied on whether legal reforms or societal attitude shifts should take priority, but there was consensus on the urgent need for legislative measures to close these gaps. The study emphasizes a dual approach: advancing legal protections while fostering education and awareness to combat prejudice. Strengthening legal safeguards is vital to promoting equality, protecting human rights, and positioning Thailand as a leader in LGBTQ+ rights in Southeast Asia.