Formats and Processes for Coordinating Cooperation Between the Public and Private Sectors to Enhance the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Public and Private Elderly Care Facilities in Thailand

Abstract

This qualitative research examines the "models and processes for public-private collaboration to enhance the quality of life of elderly residents in public and private elderly care facilities in Thailand." The primary objectives are: (1) to investigate the quality-of-life management models for elderly individuals in public and private elderly care facilities; (2) to explore approaches to elderly care management in other countries; and (3) to propose an integrated public-private model for elderly care in Thailand. This study employs qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews and participant observation, alongside nine years of private experience in managing a private elderly care facility. The key informants consist of nine individuals from four main groups: representatives from public elderly care facilities, private elderly care facilities, academics specializing in elderly care policies, and elderly residents and their families utilizing these services in Thailand. The results reveal that public elderly care facilities adhere to standardized quality-of-life criteria within institutional regulations, while private facilities exhibit greater flexibility and higher service quality. Additionally, a comparative analysis of elderly care models in Sweden, the United States, and Japan highlights the crucial role of government taxation and budget management in developing welfare policies and enhancing elderly well-being. Based on these insights, this study proposes an integrated framework for improving the quality of life of the elderly in Thailand. The proposed model emphasizes health deterioration prevention, enhancement of healthcare services, increased private sector involvement, and joint public-private investments. Furthermore, the study introduces the "Co-pay 50-50" or BONUS’s Model, a cost-sharing approach aimed at advancing elderly care systems in Thailand to align with international standards.